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very office as a historian though I'm

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fascinated by the intimate personal bits

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of history and the way they've shaped

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modern life oh it's exciting it's

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exciting in this series I'll be tracing

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the story of British domestic life

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<font color="

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living room the bathroom and the kitchen

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from the homes of the Middle Ages to the

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present day I'll be exploring the ways

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that our attitudes and habits have

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changed<font color="

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people Christmas and doing some rather

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odd things so while we're pouring

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client's urine onto the street quick

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quick quick this time from the medieval

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one-room cottage to an open-plan

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futuristic kitchen utopia you've got

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your bomb Vollmer technology in your car

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why not reapply it to your kitchen I'll

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be discovering how the kitchen came in

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from the cold they're not too bad for

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beginners he's a baptizing energy

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[Music]

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our homes are<font color="

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they tell us so much about who we are

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and how we live but the privacy security

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and technology that we take so much for

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granted now are relatively recent

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developments houses like this has

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evolved over many<font color="

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single room has a really fascinating

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history this time the room has changed

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from being the lowest and status in the

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house to the place that most people want

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to<font color="

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would say that their kitchen was the

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most important room in their house

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absolutely central and it's also

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possible to spend a huge amount of money

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<font color="

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you can get fancy fridges in almost posh

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cookers the technology here is just

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extraordinary but this is only possible

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because of centuries and centuries of

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innovations<font color="

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out with some very humble beginnings our

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story starts in the Middle Ages when a

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peasant home was one room and their

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whole house was the kitchen it had a

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small fire at its center which was the

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only source of<font color="

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technology here is really very simple

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there's an oval-shaped half stone with

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ridges on it a very smoky wood fire and

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a little pot that stands on three legs

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<font color="

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actually it's very effective that's why

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it lasted for so long from the Saxons

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right through to the choosers

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kitchen supplies were totally seasonal

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and peasants had to storage for whatever

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they could get they were at the very

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bottom<font color="

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the manor owned the lands they lives on

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including any food sources that's

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followed with the larger of support but

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there were very strict rules to observe

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about what food you could take if I came

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into the woods<font color="

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deer I was poaching but there were sort

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of nasty animals I could take like

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hedgehogs and I could also take some of

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the plants this is all controlled by

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very strict rules though and I can't

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take any<font color="

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the floor at the price I can get it out

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of the trees and this is possibly the

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explanation of the phrase by hook or by

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crook peasants desperately seeking wood

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in the<font color="

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what they could get with their Shepherds

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crooks or their Reapers cook peasants

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burnt the foraged wood to avoid paying

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their landowner for fuel they also had

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to give him a portion of any food they

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grew so their diet was really limited

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maybe a bit<font color="

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make into bread but if they have any

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animals they wouldn't eat them much

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invaluable animals will be kept for

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providing milk for providing eggs or for

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transport and they cut this stuff

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literally just here on a round half

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stone like this in the<font color="

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cottage with the exception of the bread

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is there how it to be sent off to the

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baking oven of the lord of the manor

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you couldn't bake your own bread in your

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own home that was done collectively and

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the easiest<font color="

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situation is cottage a pot into which

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you throw whatever is available and

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particularly in hard times or famines

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people was literally through what they

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could get into there and keep it on the

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boil for day after<font color="

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cancels everlasting soup so all the best

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of medieval life is here really food and

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light and company and it just shows that

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the hearth is really the heart of the

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home while the peasants kitchen would

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retain an open fire for hundreds of

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years great technological advances were

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being made at the very top of society

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where money and resources were plentiful

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Henry the eighth's kitchens perhaps in

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<font color="

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expensively equipped in Europe they were

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a reflection of his great power and

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status seems like the kitchen go on for

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miles

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<font color="

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these for storing things like spices and

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seasonings and fish and go somewhere

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actually for cooking in and that 200

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<font color="

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organizes 19 different Department

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war ingredients would arrive at one end

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and work their way through the stages of

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preparation much like in a modern

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restaurant<font color="

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booking sources and boiling liquids on a

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series of individual fires this is the

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earliest form of kitchen table domestic

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kitchens might be run by women but the

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Hampton Court kitchen is entirely

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staffed by men

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<font color="

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afternoon because I'm going to get out

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of the kitchen and kitchen for tender

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fish I hope that's what I've been

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promised I can do babies<font color="

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that's impressive

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unlike his subject Haley the eighth

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wasn't you bothered about fuel economy

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his kitchen burns as much as six tons of

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wood every day - then boys I've been

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working here for<font color="

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and I've never been out to play with

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your toys before now why do you made me

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dress up as a boy they didn't have any

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women in the kitchen actually because

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women were paid<font color="

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showing off you're not just feeding

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people in this palace here you're

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showing off with food using as a

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political weapon yeah legend your

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opponents and part of that is by saying

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look<font color="

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most expensive staff 200 of them take

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yourself down fine get come for you may

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be here some time just focus on the

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chickens<font color="

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handle nice and evenly this is true

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wasting cooking meat over an open fire

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yes the food that we mostly for a Sunday

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roast nowadays is it Lakes in an oven

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and if you bake bread in an oven if you

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baked ham in an oven<font color="

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you put a piece of beef in the oven it

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should suddenly become roast

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well it doesn't the kitchen for Hampton

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Court introduced features that wouldn't

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be seen in ordinary household first

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century<font color="

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its fancy brick built chimneys where

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most houses buildings even husband's

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chimneys were a luxury they kept the

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kitchen free of smell and smoke as well

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<font color="

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builders pushed their kitchens as far

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away from their living rooms as possible

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that whole area mr. kitchens there's the

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Great Hall the dining room and then

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beyond the Great Hall with carriages own

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apartments<font color="

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the kitchens an hour long way away from

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where the King lived they're no longer

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half the focus of the household and

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that's partly because the King didn't

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want to be affected<font color="

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smoke the noise but also if there's a

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fire in the kitchens then it didn't

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matter engines burn down his bedrooms

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they were sort of sacrificial and this

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is such a good idea that other people

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lower down in society began to want it

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as well the separate kitchen block<font color="

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practical step it's also the beginning

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of the lowering in status of the kitchen

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it's no longer the heart of the house so

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it's not at all surprising to find that

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this relatively wealthy yeoman farmer

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has built his a hundred yards away from

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<font color="

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like most Judah kitchens it still has no

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chimney for smoked simply escapes

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through a hole in the roof the kitchen

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of the middle class or middle link tutor

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household was a<font color="

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been up there for two years now fresh

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roast meat with a rarity in the middling

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kitchen they preserved most of their

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meat by salting and smoking it a bit of

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salted bacon<font color="

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these are luxury goods in his part it's

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got the lovely flavor to it

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cottage cooked on an open fire was still

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<font color="

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householders also started to build three

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cousins into their kitchens now they

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could bake at home bread makings became

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a daily ritual is exciting a six by six

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cuter people ate a loaf of bread every

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day<font color="

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calories as we're recommended to have

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today but their lives were far more

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active the first job was lighting the

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faggus

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bushels<font color="

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twine there are references to you

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lighting like these in the oven

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already but you would like them with

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little tiny bundles of twigs about this

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size and they're called pimps oh yeah

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pimps and this is family<font color="

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versus

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the fire in the oven will need to burn

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down to ash before baking can start to

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the kitchen tables were kept clean and

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hygienic for the mixture of vinegar

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<font color="

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antibacterial and cuts through grease

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the rosemary acts as an insecticide and

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the salt is abrasive it's surprisingly

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like a modern cleaning product all done

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we're making very chunky heavy brown

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bread here because with we're only

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<font color="

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eating fancy white bread and thus very

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porous people were beating bread maybe

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even made from beans and lentils and

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stuff like that because the dregs that

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the<font color="

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really is that what the Tudors wanted

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was white bread fine white bread and

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what we want to say completely the other

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way around

260
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white bread is trash and we fork out

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loads for good crunchy brown loads like

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this one okay Lucy now we're going to

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have to break out the oven

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obviously mind your fear once the wood

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has burnt ash its removed but it's still

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<font color="

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is sealed in with a wooden door

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marvelous oh it's been soaked in water

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so it's quite heavy so that's now going

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to swell because it's wet to fit that's

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clever<font color="

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dough here which we made up earlier for

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you to cut around the door it will cook

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on the outside of that door in the same

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amount I of the bread stone yeah

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<font color="

277
00:11:47,050 --> 00:11:52,720
bake up to 30 loads every day so big

278
00:11:52,720 --> 00:11:56,290
moment the dough's done just a big

279
00:11:56,290 --> 00:11:57,940
hearty anthem Oh yet it will be stiff

280
00:11:57,940 --> 00:11:59,740
because it's well with itself outdoor

281
00:11:59,740 --> 00:12:01,720
you've got to waiter a lot of strength

282
00:12:01,720 --> 00:12:04,060
to pull that off<font color="

283
00:12:04,060 --> 00:12:19,300
waft of heat hey now how do we test the

284
00:12:19,300 --> 00:12:21,280
third on them just literally turn it

285
00:12:21,280 --> 00:12:22,930
over in your hand and pop the bottom

286
00:12:22,930 --> 00:12:24,730
with your hand and it sounds Hollow does

287
00:12:24,730 --> 00:12:26,140
that sound holiday yeah Halloween house

288
00:12:26,140 --> 00:12:27,460
<font color="

289
00:12:27,460 --> 00:12:29,380
bottom that was a good sign too black on

290
00:12:29,380 --> 00:12:31,000
the bottom yeah and the nice thing to

291
00:12:31,000 --> 00:12:33,490
know is if we were really poor we'd only

292
00:12:33,490 --> 00:12:35,590
get this black bit to eat yeah and the

293
00:12:35,590 --> 00:12:37,120
slightly posture people would get the

294
00:12:37,120 --> 00:12:41,500
upper<font color="

295
00:12:41,500 --> 00:12:43,960
terrible fire risk especially in houses

296
00:12:43,960 --> 00:12:46,870
built from wood as towns expanded more

297
00:12:46,870 --> 00:12:48,760
buildings were built in stone and more

298
00:12:48,760 --> 00:12:50,830
than had chimney the ever expanding

299
00:12:50,830 --> 00:12:53,500
British Navy was demanding endless

300
00:12:53,500 --> 00:12:56,110
amounts of wood for shipbuilding luckily

301
00:12:56,110 --> 00:12:58,360
a new fuel<font color="

302
00:12:58,360 --> 00:13:00,400
kitchen something far more effective

303
00:13:00,400 --> 00:13:03,700
than the humble log coal is a bit of a

304
00:13:03,700 --> 00:13:05,650
luxury product survey if you're lucky

305
00:13:05,650 --> 00:13:07,270
enough to have an open fire it's

306
00:13:07,270 --> 00:13:09,130
probably in addition to your central

307
00:13:09,130 --> 00:13:10,810
heating but in the late 17th century

308
00:13:10,810 --> 00:13:13,690
coal can roll<font color="

309
00:13:13,690 --> 00:13:15,880
British kitchen it's much cheaper than

310
00:13:15,880 --> 00:13:17,470
wood and it burns at a higher

311
00:13:17,470 --> 00:13:19,420
temperature which makes it really good

312
00:13:19,420 --> 00:13:22,540
at roasting meat so risk means which was

313
00:13:22,540 --> 00:13:24,700
a just for the very rich in Tudor

314
00:13:24,700 --> 00:13:26,410
England by the 18th century is still

315
00:13:26,410 --> 00:13:28,180
chewing down through society<font color="

316
00:13:28,180 --> 00:13:30,580
is being democratized everybody still

317
00:13:30,580 --> 00:13:32,380
needed a way to turn the meat on the

318
00:13:32,380 --> 00:13:34,440
spit over the fire but there were now

319
00:13:34,440 --> 00:13:36,910
alternatives to the underpaid scallion

320
00:13:36,910 --> 00:13:39,339
of Henry the eighth's kitchens some of

321
00:13:39,339 --> 00:13:42,750
<font color="

322
00:13:42,750 --> 00:13:46,240
for George in in wheelchair has a unique

323
00:13:46,240 --> 00:13:49,120
spit-roast the only survivor of its type

324
00:13:49,120 --> 00:13:50,910
in the country

325
00:13:50,910 --> 00:13:52,540
Ivan we're going to do something

326
00:13:52,540 --> 00:13:55,180
completely unprecedented here are we

327
00:13:55,180 --> 00:13:56,920
we're going to turn the spit with a dog

328
00:13:56,920 --> 00:13:58,450
in a wheel<font color="

329
00:13:58,450 --> 00:14:00,970
hasn't done about 200 years so this is

330
00:14:00,970 --> 00:14:02,950
very exciting moment to me I've roasted

331
00:14:02,950 --> 00:14:04,780
me in all kinds of ways that never was

332
00:14:04,780 --> 00:14:07,720
an animal<font color="

333
00:14:07,720 --> 00:14:10,390
is is the most popular meat of the 18th

334
00:14:10,390 --> 00:14:12,960
century which was not big but Naughton

335
00:14:12,960 --> 00:14:15,610
cooking with coal led to changes in

336
00:14:15,610 --> 00:14:18,280
fireplace design instead of burning wood

337
00:14:18,280 --> 00:14:21,220
on a half new wrought iron grates held

338
00:14:21,220 --> 00:14:23,830
the coal above the floor<font color="

339
00:14:23,830 --> 00:14:25,420
jack was placed in front of the fire and

340
00:14:25,420 --> 00:14:30,010
the dog did the work if you look up the

341
00:14:30,010 --> 00:14:31,750
chimney you'll see that there's a shaft

342
00:14:31,750 --> 00:14:34,330
that goes right through the chimney

343
00:14:34,330 --> 00:14:37,720
breast with a little wheel on it and we

344
00:14:37,720 --> 00:14:40,210
put<font color="

345
00:14:40,210 --> 00:14:43,240
treadmill and tune it and the show came

346
00:14:43,240 --> 00:14:45,580
out I can do it yes and the change that

347
00:14:45,580 --> 00:14:47,080
you see there which is called the Jack

348
00:14:47,080 --> 00:14:49,180
chain Alan's around it's a very very

349
00:14:49,180 --> 00:14:51,970
simple controller<font color="

350
00:14:51,970 --> 00:14:53,680
up a pair of hands because this is often

351
00:14:53,680 --> 00:14:56,380
done by a human agent and that means I

352
00:14:56,380 --> 00:14:58,300
can go in peeling onions or plucking a

353
00:14:58,300 --> 00:15:00,280
pheasant or I've actually been a human

354
00:15:00,280 --> 00:15:02,800
<font color="

355
00:15:02,800 --> 00:15:04,630
it is what it is it's one of the first

356
00:15:04,630 --> 00:15:07,210
kitchen conveniences the wars actually a

357
00:15:07,210 --> 00:15:10,060
breed of dog which is known as a term

358
00:15:10,060 --> 00:15:13,570
spit or a turn<font color="

359
00:15:13,570 --> 00:15:15,970
the early 19th century and then it just

360
00:15:15,970 --> 00:15:18,010
became extinct because the mechanical

361
00:15:18,010 --> 00:15:20,740
apparatus just became more popular I'm a

362
00:15:20,740 --> 00:15:22,930
bit skeptical that a modern breed will

363
00:15:22,930 --> 00:15:24,910
be able to do it I think that they

364
00:15:24,910 --> 00:15:27,370
really<font color="

365
00:15:27,370 --> 00:15:30,220
sign now what happens come on in then

366
00:15:30,220 --> 00:15:34,570
girls I'm a little Rachel and okay the

367
00:15:34,570 --> 00:15:38,530
<font color="

368
00:15:38,530 --> 00:15:40,480
well I think we should start really

369
00:15:40,480 --> 00:15:41,890
because the fire is you know absolutely

370
00:15:41,890 --> 00:15:44,230
perfect and Coco I think we've got to

371
00:15:44,230 --> 00:15:46,300
get you into the wheel so what you can

372
00:15:46,300 --> 00:15:48,420
do

373
00:15:49,370 --> 00:15:52,110
Coco has been in the wheel before she's

374
00:15:52,110 --> 00:15:53,100
been<font color="

375
00:15:53,100 --> 00:15:55,350
come on Coco you can do it noble

376
00:15:55,350 --> 00:15:59,610
ancestry for Lucy I'm counting on pecker

377
00:15:59,610 --> 00:16:01,260
being able to do it because I don't

378
00:16:01,260 --> 00:16:09,350
think I'm going to fit second hooked

379
00:16:10,580 --> 00:16:12,540
yeah how's she doing

380
00:16:12,540 --> 00:16:19,610
[Music]

381
00:16:19,610 --> 00:16:21,900
don't leave your finger Symbian

382
00:16:21,900 --> 00:16:22,800
<font color="

383
00:16:22,800 --> 00:16:24,390
no no it's genuinely telling look you're

384
00:16:24,390 --> 00:16:27,230
carrying around its back okay boy do you

385
00:16:27,230 --> 00:16:31,770
did a big babe a good abode think it's a

386
00:16:31,770 --> 00:16:34,020
bit unfair of it it's rather like asking

387
00:16:34,020 --> 00:16:39,170
a tool to do a red status job no no no

388
00:16:39,170 --> 00:16:41,400
trouble<font color="

389
00:16:41,400 --> 00:16:44,100
bit too long for this and other things

390
00:16:44,100 --> 00:16:46,260
she's not trained to do it so she's a

391
00:16:46,260 --> 00:16:49,710
good sport I think he's trying to rescue

392
00:16:49,710 --> 00:16:53,730
Coco she's done a good job there we go

393
00:16:53,730 --> 00:16:59,450
well done girl

394
00:17:01,759 --> 00:17:04,770
just as Ivan predicted<font color="

395
00:17:04,770 --> 00:17:07,109
doing this job of myself as the human

396
00:17:07,109 --> 00:17:07,589
hound

397
00:17:07,589 --> 00:17:10,260
because Coco got a bit bored but she

398
00:17:10,260 --> 00:17:13,169
will be rewarded in a few moments and

399
00:17:13,169 --> 00:17:14,730
even in the 18th century they had little

400
00:17:14,730 --> 00:17:17,220
troubles with the dog wheels there's a

401
00:17:17,220 --> 00:17:19,679
very<font color="

402
00:17:19,679 --> 00:17:22,648
1723 he took his dog wheel out of the

403
00:17:22,648 --> 00:17:24,390
kitchen because the dog was always

404
00:17:24,390 --> 00:17:26,250
getting in the way as a fire the wheel

405
00:17:26,250 --> 00:17:28,710
was just getting in the way and it's

406
00:17:28,710 --> 00:17:30,510
annoyingly of all the dog kept doing its

407
00:17:30,510 --> 00:17:33,299
business all over<font color="

408
00:17:33,299 --> 00:17:35,520
to put the plate underneath ok and

409
00:17:35,520 --> 00:17:37,559
you're going to spin around in a circle

410
00:17:37,559 --> 00:17:41,820
like that I pull to the table can you

411
00:17:41,820 --> 00:17:47,990
smell that<font color="

412
00:17:47,990 --> 00:17:49,730
what's the verdict

413
00:17:49,730 --> 00:17:54,600
mmm really good mmm pop star Felicia

414
00:17:54,600 --> 00:17:57,919
yeah anyway I think to toto

415
00:17:57,919 --> 00:18:03,149
congratulations little Joker inventive

416
00:18:03,149 --> 00:18:05,190
children engineers got to work in the

417
00:18:05,190 --> 00:18:07,830
kitchen<font color="

418
00:18:07,830 --> 00:18:10,080
methods of split roasting clockwork

419
00:18:10,080 --> 00:18:13,110
bottle jacks weights driven spit jacks

420
00:18:13,110 --> 00:18:15,690
and smoke jacks driven by the hot air

421
00:18:15,690 --> 00:18:17,039
rising from the fire

422
00:18:17,039 --> 00:18:19,140
despite their passion for new technology

423
00:18:19,140 --> 00:18:21,179
and their pride in eating roast meat

424
00:18:21,179 --> 00:18:23,850
the Georgians like to - the cuts pushed

425
00:18:23,850 --> 00:18:25,919
their kitchen spouts and kept them away

426
00:18:25,919 --> 00:18:27,710
from the social center of the house

427
00:18:27,710 --> 00:18:31,049
today the smell of cooking is a really

428
00:18:31,049 --> 00:18:33,480
big part of a lot of people of ideas of

429
00:18:33,480 --> 00:18:35,610
what home is if you go to somebody's

430
00:18:35,610 --> 00:18:37,080
house and they're baking a cake or

431
00:18:37,080 --> 00:18:39,659
roasting some meat<font color="

432
00:18:39,659 --> 00:18:42,029
great this is a really nice place to be

433
00:18:42,029 --> 00:18:44,820
not so for Georgian Asda clouts they

434
00:18:44,820 --> 00:18:46,740
were paranoid about having the smell of

435
00:18:46,740 --> 00:18:49,559
cooking penetrate their living or dining

436
00:18:49,559 --> 00:18:51,840
<font color="

437
00:18:51,840 --> 00:18:53,700
people who could only afford to live in

438
00:18:53,700 --> 00:18:56,490
a single space so while today people

439
00:18:56,490 --> 00:18:59,220
really aspire to an open-plan kitchen

440
00:18:59,220 --> 00:19:02,370
dining area in the 18th century this was

441
00:19:02,370 --> 00:19:04,470
just not what you wanted at all you want

442
00:19:04,470 --> 00:19:06,539
is a huge degree of separation between

443
00:19:06,539 --> 00:19:09,860
your kitchen and the rest<font color="

444
00:19:09,860 --> 00:19:13,410
here at Kedleston Hall in Derbyshire

445
00:19:13,410 --> 00:19:16,140
as far away from the dining rooms as

446
00:19:16,140 --> 00:19:16,860
possible

447
00:19:16,860 --> 00:19:19,590
just like our Hampton Court the kitchen

448
00:19:19,590 --> 00:19:22,320
was still seen as noisy smelly and

449
00:19:22,320 --> 00:19:24,240
essentially servile

450
00:19:24,240 --> 00:19:26,400
the owners have this house designed

451
00:19:26,400 --> 00:19:28,560
specifically<font color="

452
00:19:28,560 --> 00:19:30,630
kitchens couldn't permeate the dining

453
00:19:30,630 --> 00:19:34,260
room the entire environment were in is

454
00:19:34,260 --> 00:19:37,860
designed for dining separately from the

455
00:19:37,860 --> 00:19:39,870
kitchen that's why this room is all

456
00:19:39,870 --> 00:19:42,360
stucco and no tapestries isn't it that's

457
00:19:42,360 --> 00:19:43,890
<font color="

458
00:19:43,890 --> 00:19:46,320
Victorian carpet here but when this was

459
00:19:46,320 --> 00:19:48,720
in use it has an oil cloth ah yeah yeah

460
00:19:48,720 --> 00:19:51,120
so there's no textiles to hold the smell

461
00:19:51,120 --> 00:19:53,580
of the food or the cooking for the

462
00:19:53,580 --> 00:19:56,010
diners<font color="

463
00:19:56,010 --> 00:19:58,980
out of mind but all the while there was

464
00:19:58,980 --> 00:20:00,840
an army of servants slaving away

465
00:20:00,840 --> 00:20:03,840
downstairs so Peter we've come down into

466
00:20:03,840 --> 00:20:05,520
the engine room we're in the actual

467
00:20:05,520 --> 00:20:08,640
kitchen of the house now are we yes they

468
00:20:08,640 --> 00:20:10,890
must like an engine room<font color="

469
00:20:10,890 --> 00:20:14,000
enormous amount of heat lots of fuel

470
00:20:14,000 --> 00:20:16,320
lots of cooking smells and I don't think

471
00:20:16,320 --> 00:20:17,850
like that hence the great height and

472
00:20:17,850 --> 00:20:21,570
ventilation in the roof also is it taps

473
00:20:21,570 --> 00:20:26,250
from all the polite part of the house so

474
00:20:26,250 --> 00:20:27,870
the country house itself is isolated

475
00:20:27,870 --> 00:20:30,090
from the rest of society and the kitchen

476
00:20:30,090 --> 00:20:32,370
is isolated from the country house now

477
00:20:32,370 --> 00:20:34,860
what I really want to know is how did

478
00:20:34,860 --> 00:20:37,620
the food get from over here the kitchen

479
00:20:37,620 --> 00:20:39,930
into the dining rooms there are several

480
00:20:39,930 --> 00:20:41,550
dining rooms in the house<font color="

481
00:20:41,550 --> 00:20:43,260
we've just set the table is here is

482
00:20:43,260 --> 00:20:45,870
marked F but that's a special dining

483
00:20:45,870 --> 00:20:47,190
room for special occasions I think

484
00:20:47,190 --> 00:20:49,140
that's very very good and the everyday

485
00:20:49,140 --> 00:20:50,910
dining room is right over here

486
00:20:50,910 --> 00:20:53,340
<font color="

487
00:20:53,340 --> 00:20:55,410
food how to get from here all the way

488
00:20:55,410 --> 00:20:58,470
through to here or even to here didn't

489
00:20:58,470 --> 00:21:01,380
the food get cold I'd not really because

490
00:21:01,380 --> 00:21:03,630
you have a footman who worked very very

491
00:21:03,630 --> 00:21:05,850
rapidly and they take the trays and

492
00:21:05,850 --> 00:21:08,730
that's from here straight<font color="

493
00:21:08,730 --> 00:21:10,290
only a matter of me so to get things

494
00:21:10,290 --> 00:21:12,690
straight into their dannilee even if the

495
00:21:12,690 --> 00:21:14,340
far side of the house well I'm a bit

496
00:21:14,340 --> 00:21:15,660
skeptical about this so I'm going to

497
00:21:15,660 --> 00:21:17,970
challenge you to see how quickly you can

498
00:21:17,970 --> 00:21:19,890
<font color="

499
00:21:19,890 --> 00:21:20,820
dining room

500
00:21:20,820 --> 00:21:22,889
and one thing you will notice terrines

501
00:21:22,889 --> 00:21:25,620
laws what handles you never run with the

502
00:21:25,620 --> 00:21:27,659
Turing on the tray the special theory

503
00:21:27,659 --> 00:21:33,570
scold people yes straight away no timing

504
00:21:33,570 --> 00:21:35,669
oh he probably thought you've got it

505
00:21:35,669 --> 00:21:38,269
made a good start

506
00:21:49,990 --> 00:21:53,119
[Music]

507
00:22:04,930 --> 00:22:10,410
[Music]

508
00:22:11,290 --> 00:22:15,940
it is one specific if so long well done

509
00:22:15,940 --> 00:22:19,070
in the 18th century fine dining was a

510
00:22:19,070 --> 00:22:22,490
competitive sport French cuisine was the

511
00:22:22,490 --> 00:22:24,350
Cohens craze it was considered the

512
00:22:24,350 --> 00:22:26,300
height of sophistication to employ a

513
00:22:26,300 --> 00:22:28,700
French chef in the kitchens of England's

514
00:22:28,700 --> 00:22:32,930
country houses greatest these were like

515
00:22:32,930 --> 00:22:35,630
<font color="

516
00:22:35,630 --> 00:22:39,290
sizes and exotic French chefs demanded

517
00:22:39,290 --> 00:22:41,300
and in order this amount of strange new

518
00:22:41,300 --> 00:22:43,730
kitchen equipment as a pudding cloth

519
00:22:43,730 --> 00:22:46,790
definitely a cake hoop I imagined love

520
00:22:46,790 --> 00:22:50,720
<font color="

521
00:22:50,720 --> 00:22:52,760
myself out for your Georgian chef here

522
00:22:52,760 --> 00:22:55,550
I've got the shopping list as written

523
00:22:55,550 --> 00:22:58,700
down by mr. William bells in 1759 and he

524
00:22:58,700 --> 00:22:59,990
knew what he was talking about because

525
00:22:59,990 --> 00:23:02,150
he worked for a French chef and he knew

526
00:23:02,150 --> 00:23:04,400
<font color="

527
00:23:04,400 --> 00:23:05,690
the cooking professionals for bringing

528
00:23:05,690 --> 00:23:08,660
into England it's very very extensive I

529
00:23:08,660 --> 00:23:11,240
need four sips one of lorne atmosphere

530
00:23:11,240 --> 00:23:13,520
very<font color="

531
00:23:13,520 --> 00:23:15,860
spoon several sauce pans rolling pins

532
00:23:15,860 --> 00:23:18,830
bowls knives fourth-graders coffee mills

533
00:23:18,830 --> 00:23:20,840
pestle and mortar whisks pastry brushes

534
00:23:20,840 --> 00:23:23,710
a Jake I don't know what jacking iron is

535
00:23:23,710 --> 00:23:28,100
you know a<font color="

536
00:23:28,100 --> 00:23:31,130
and they don't know what a Jaggi - look

537
00:23:31,130 --> 00:23:33,400
at the size of that monster

538
00:23:33,400 --> 00:23:36,580
I would hold a lot of pepper fish cattle

539
00:23:36,580 --> 00:23:39,520
just what I want oh I'm very pleased

540
00:23:39,520 --> 00:23:40,070
with that

541
00:23:40,070 --> 00:23:41,220
[Music]

542
00:23:41,220 --> 00:23:48,580
<font color="

543
00:23:48,580 --> 00:23:51,010
that I need needed my vital chef's tools

544
00:23:51,010 --> 00:23:54,340
my copper pans my battery de cuisine a

545
00:23:54,340 --> 00:23:56,530
favor call you French term meaning a

546
00:23:56,530 --> 00:23:58,930
sort of whole range and arsenal of pans

547
00:23:58,930 --> 00:24:01,270
copper pans aren't just the French chefs

548
00:24:01,270 --> 00:24:03,520
but also for ordinary Georgian people in

549
00:24:03,520 --> 00:24:05,950
their own<font color="

550
00:24:05,950 --> 00:24:07,840
bought by a man courting a woman he

551
00:24:07,840 --> 00:24:09,520
would give her gifts of pots and pans

552
00:24:09,520 --> 00:24:11,410
and she would take that as a sign that a

553
00:24:11,410 --> 00:24:12,760
proposal was on its way

554
00:24:12,760 --> 00:24:14,530
then the pans would become the woman's

555
00:24:14,530 --> 00:24:16,150
possessions they were associated with

556
00:24:16,150 --> 00:24:18,400
<font color="

557
00:24:18,400 --> 00:24:20,710
take them with her if a husband beat her

558
00:24:20,710 --> 00:24:23,200
she could call for help by crushing the

559
00:24:23,200 --> 00:24:24,910
pans and if she had them now she could

560
00:24:24,910 --> 00:24:27,010
beat him back<font color="

561
00:24:27,010 --> 00:24:30,920
status symbol so also women's weapons

562
00:24:30,920 --> 00:24:33,410
along with new kitchen equipment the

563
00:24:33,410 --> 00:24:35,570
late 18th century saw the greatest

564
00:24:35,570 --> 00:24:36,950
revolution in cooking since the

565
00:24:36,950 --> 00:24:39,650
discovery of fire to range it was all

566
00:24:39,650 --> 00:24:41,330
made possible by the development of

567
00:24:41,330 --> 00:24:44,450
cast-iron<font color="

568
00:24:44,450 --> 00:24:47,300
great between two cast-iron ovens but

569
00:24:47,300 --> 00:24:49,010
this waste is enormous amounts of fuel

570
00:24:49,010 --> 00:24:50,870
and made cooking an incredibly hot

571
00:24:50,870 --> 00:24:53,720
business in 1802 the addition of a

572
00:24:53,720 --> 00:24:56,090
cast-iron plate on top of the fire and

573
00:24:56,090 --> 00:24:58,490
<font color="

574
00:24:58,490 --> 00:25:01,490
closed kitchen range economical on fuel

575
00:25:01,490 --> 00:25:03,980
and highly adaptable the prototype as a

576
00:25:03,980 --> 00:25:06,290
modern cooker had arrived with it a

577
00:25:06,290 --> 00:25:11,030
smoke-free kitchen country house owners

578
00:25:11,030 --> 00:25:13,940
embraced the new technology but kitchen

579
00:25:13,940 --> 00:25:16,010
rangers went exactly labor saving

580
00:25:16,010 --> 00:25:21,760
devices for<font color="

581
00:25:21,760 --> 00:25:25,160
the scullery maids day started at 5 a.m.

582
00:25:25,160 --> 00:25:27,170
and her first job was to clean and

583
00:25:27,170 --> 00:25:30,520
blacks arrange the plain meaning

584
00:25:30,520 --> 00:25:34,280
prettiest sophisticated and complicated

585
00:25:34,280 --> 00:25:37,100
by the time we've<font color="

586
00:25:37,100 --> 00:25:39,770
range technology has really reached a

587
00:25:39,770 --> 00:25:43,040
pretty high a high point the scullery

588
00:25:43,040 --> 00:25:44,690
maid needed to make the range look as

589
00:25:44,690 --> 00:25:46,970
clean and shiny as possible as a

590
00:25:46,970 --> 00:25:49,160
reputation rested on the judgment of the

591
00:25:49,160 --> 00:25:52,040
head cook the maize black to the range

592
00:25:52,040 --> 00:25:54,170
<font color="

593
00:25:54,170 --> 00:25:57,730
acid olive oil white vinegar and treacle

594
00:25:57,730 --> 00:26:03,400
hmm mind it doesn't go to Chris you know

595
00:26:03,400 --> 00:26:06,230
plenty of elbow grease alum states

596
00:26:06,230 --> 00:26:10,250
really worth within cleared you find

597
00:26:10,250 --> 00:26:13,400
<font color="

598
00:26:13,400 --> 00:26:15,700
first

599
00:26:15,780 --> 00:26:19,340
[Applause]

600
00:26:19,340 --> 00:26:22,970
okay so before we can light the fire we

601
00:26:22,970 --> 00:26:24,470
have to pull out these they're called

602
00:26:24,470 --> 00:26:27,070
dumper and that will make the air

603
00:26:27,070 --> 00:26:30,170
circulate through the fires soak all of

604
00:26:30,170 --> 00:26:32,400
the law

605
00:26:32,400 --> 00:26:37,140
[Music]

606
00:26:37,140 --> 00:26:39,760
look at that going<font color="

607
00:26:39,760 --> 00:26:41,500
I just afters what you don't realize

608
00:26:41,500 --> 00:26:43,360
looking at old bits of technology is

609
00:26:43,360 --> 00:26:45,520
that they few actually work it's

610
00:26:45,520 --> 00:26:50,170
brilliant to see their in action well

611
00:26:50,170 --> 00:26:52,210
team skivvy thinks that it has completed

612
00:26:52,210 --> 00:26:55,660
<font color="

613
00:26:55,660 --> 00:26:57,220
on how hard we've worked

614
00:26:57,220 --> 00:27:01,510
not too bad for beginner is it that

615
00:27:01,510 --> 00:27:06,100
relies energy and can you hear the fire

616
00:27:06,100 --> 00:27:08,920
roaring that's a good thing group where

617
00:27:08,920 --> 00:27:10,720
<font color="

618
00:27:10,720 --> 00:27:14,200
you need to close the data please sorry

619
00:27:14,200 --> 00:27:16,390
so we only pull that out when we're

620
00:27:16,390 --> 00:27:18,540
actually cooking something get the air

621
00:27:18,540 --> 00:27:20,950
through so you get a good drawer and the

622
00:27:20,950 --> 00:27:23,620
fire<font color="

623
00:27:23,620 --> 00:27:26,410
least an hour and then the skill of the

624
00:27:26,410 --> 00:27:28,600
cook she puts a hand in and feels the

625
00:27:28,600 --> 00:27:30,730
heat you need to know what a slow oven

626
00:27:30,730 --> 00:27:33,670
is a modern stove and a hot oven it's

627
00:27:33,670 --> 00:27:36,100
controlled by the dampers and the amount

628
00:27:36,100 --> 00:27:37,740
of<font color="

629
00:27:37,740 --> 00:27:39,580
throughout the day it would have been

630
00:27:39,580 --> 00:27:44,890
continuously and refueled with coal by

631
00:27:44,890 --> 00:27:46,960
the Victorian era the Industrial

632
00:27:46,960 --> 00:27:49,360
Revolution had led to an explosion in

633
00:27:49,360 --> 00:27:51,460
manufacturing and the introduction of an

634
00:27:51,460 --> 00:27:53,650
incredible<font color="

635
00:27:53,650 --> 00:27:56,350
kitchen I thought that kitchen gadgets

636
00:27:56,350 --> 00:27:58,000
for some things from the 20th century

637
00:27:58,000 --> 00:27:59,980
but I'm wrong the Victorians have

638
00:27:59,980 --> 00:28:01,870
invented everything already haven't they

639
00:28:01,870 --> 00:28:04,390
they certainly did kitchen like Shepard

640
00:28:04,390 --> 00:28:06,430
they would have wanted<font color="

641
00:28:06,430 --> 00:28:08,770
as soon as it was patented they would

642
00:28:08,770 --> 00:28:11,320
have it that's the Federative chopper

643
00:28:11,320 --> 00:28:16,030
and mixer like a food processor that

644
00:28:16,030 --> 00:28:17,890
Kiki

645
00:28:17,890 --> 00:28:21,370
that's okay 1890 that one so this is

646
00:28:21,370 --> 00:28:23,740
another fixture for it it goes in there

647
00:28:23,740 --> 00:28:26,110
and this slices carrots<font color="

648
00:28:26,110 --> 00:28:28,929
into strips and Victorians just love

649
00:28:28,929 --> 00:28:32,110
mincing and pureeing and squashing their

650
00:28:32,110 --> 00:28:34,029
vegetables up into weird shapes have you

651
00:28:34,029 --> 00:28:36,279
seen that um I think it's mrs. Beeton

652
00:28:36,279 --> 00:28:38,289
she says never eat a carrot or that he

653
00:28:38,289 --> 00:28:40,809
cooked<font color="

654
00:28:40,809 --> 00:28:46,179
good I know how this work made all the

655
00:28:46,179 --> 00:28:51,940
hand whisky another with no that's

656
00:28:51,940 --> 00:28:53,610
interesting to torture a little bit

657
00:28:53,610 --> 00:28:57,460
what's that one potato ricer cooked hot

658
00:28:57,460 --> 00:29:01,179
potatoes and push it<font color="

659
00:29:01,179 --> 00:29:03,850
you've got potato looking like rice I've

660
00:29:03,850 --> 00:29:05,110
got one of these at home it makes

661
00:29:05,110 --> 00:29:07,779
excellent yes this is the age is the

662
00:29:07,779 --> 00:29:10,419
icebox food was now kept cold in a

663
00:29:10,419 --> 00:29:11,740
rudimentary fridge

664
00:29:11,740 --> 00:29:13,750
it wasn't<font color="

665
00:29:13,750 --> 00:29:16,600
with cook lines of tin or zinc and then

666
00:29:16,600 --> 00:29:19,389
filled with ice but the proliferation of

667
00:29:19,389 --> 00:29:21,399
copper pots as well as the new kitchen

668
00:29:21,399 --> 00:29:23,860
gadgets only added to the scullery maids

669
00:29:23,860 --> 00:29:28,210
workload the scullery maid by the late

670
00:29:28,210 --> 00:29:31,120
Victorian age is more important than

671
00:29:31,120 --> 00:29:34,330
ever<font color="

672
00:29:34,330 --> 00:29:36,460
thousand times more complicated by the

673
00:29:36,460 --> 00:29:38,980
big Victorian upheaval in dining habits

674
00:29:38,980 --> 00:29:41,409
the most significant change for

675
00:29:41,409 --> 00:29:44,139
centuries in the way people ate until

676
00:29:44,139 --> 00:29:46,330
this point the table would be laid with

677
00:29:46,330 --> 00:29:48,820
all the dishes<font color="

678
00:29:48,820 --> 00:29:50,769
buffet as we would call it today each

679
00:29:50,769 --> 00:29:53,019
diner selecting what they wanted from a

680
00:29:53,019 --> 00:29:55,840
range of dishes then in the 1830s the

681
00:29:55,840 --> 00:29:59,470
new style comes in and it's courses as

682
00:29:59,470 --> 00:30:00,850
we would know them today the first

683
00:30:00,850 --> 00:30:03,250
course take nine the second course

684
00:30:03,250 --> 00:30:05,289
taking away the third course on and on

685
00:30:05,289 --> 00:30:07,539
it's a really grand dinner and each of

686
00:30:07,539 --> 00:30:09,850
these courses requires a clean plate and

687
00:30:09,850 --> 00:30:11,649
clean cutlery

688
00:30:11,649 --> 00:30:13,779
so we get the diversification of cutlery

689
00:30:13,779 --> 00:30:16,059
things like fish knives are invented and

690
00:30:16,059 --> 00:30:19,240
<font color="

691
00:30:19,240 --> 00:30:21,850
for eighteen diners might produce as

692
00:30:21,850 --> 00:30:24,519
many five hundred different utensils and

693
00:30:24,519 --> 00:30:26,049
they've got to be washed up by the

694
00:30:26,049 --> 00:30:28,600
scullery made by the port's boy

695
00:30:28,600 --> 00:30:32,410
without rubber gloves just as country

696
00:30:32,410 --> 00:30:34,120
kitchens were built in a separate block

697
00:30:34,120 --> 00:30:36,670
<font color="

698
00:30:36,670 --> 00:30:42,040
thing with in urban constraint this is a

699
00:30:42,040 --> 00:30:44,530
typical Victorian middle-class house

700
00:30:44,530 --> 00:30:46,630
although this street is really posh now

701
00:30:46,630 --> 00:30:48,370
originally this is a relatively rough

702
00:30:48,370 --> 00:30:50,590
area<font color="

703
00:30:50,590 --> 00:30:52,750
invented a long time before in the

704
00:30:52,750 --> 00:30:55,270
building boom of Georgian London space

705
00:30:55,270 --> 00:30:57,160
was at a premium in the city houses

706
00:30:57,160 --> 00:30:59,320
didn't have room for separate kitchens

707
00:30:59,320 --> 00:31:01,510
they were squeezed in sideways and the

708
00:31:01,510 --> 00:31:04,000
kitchen went down into the basement so

709
00:31:04,000 --> 00:31:05,440
here we've<font color="

710
00:31:05,440 --> 00:31:07,840
the basement down there is where the

711
00:31:07,840 --> 00:31:10,660
smells the dirt the coal was kept and it

712
00:31:10,660 --> 00:31:12,760
was all overseen by the kitchen maid it

713
00:31:12,760 --> 00:31:15,100
was quite separate to the genteel parts

714
00:31:15,100 --> 00:31:18,430
of the house upstairs Thomas Carlyle the

715
00:31:18,430 --> 00:31:20,770
<font color="

716
00:31:20,770 --> 00:31:24,910
moved here with his wife Jane in 1832 so

717
00:31:24,910 --> 00:31:26,560
you notice as we've turned the corner we

718
00:31:26,560 --> 00:31:28,990
get the cheap car oh yeah sir I get only

719
00:31:28,990 --> 00:31:32,290
the servant is going to see it it's a

720
00:31:32,290 --> 00:31:35,470
bit Spartan in here isn't it well it's

721
00:31:35,470 --> 00:31:39,280
not unusual for<font color="

722
00:31:39,280 --> 00:31:41,380
house this is about average we're very

723
00:31:41,380 --> 00:31:44,080
used to seeing rather grand country

724
00:31:44,080 --> 00:31:45,850
house kitchen well when I was at

725
00:31:45,850 --> 00:31:48,190
Shugborough hall it was vast and fantasy

726
00:31:48,190 --> 00:31:50,770
and complicated I suppose this little

727
00:31:50,770 --> 00:31:53,050
<font color="

728
00:31:53,050 --> 00:31:54,880
looking chair and the tiny bed all the

729
00:31:54,880 --> 00:31:59,200
cuts home this is work and this is home

730
00:31:59,200 --> 00:32:00,430
here that's it

731
00:32:00,430 --> 00:32:02,410
they didn't expect to do this forever

732
00:32:02,410 --> 00:32:05,170
the business wasn't a career yeah this

733
00:32:05,170 --> 00:32:08,710
was a stage the<font color="

734
00:32:08,710 --> 00:32:10,810
look Spartan but it had the wonderful

735
00:32:10,810 --> 00:32:12,670
conveniences the Victorian urban

736
00:32:12,670 --> 00:32:14,230
infrastructure gas lighting and

737
00:32:14,230 --> 00:32:17,200
crucially water on tap and what you've

738
00:32:17,200 --> 00:32:19,600
got here is a very small for them very

739
00:32:19,600 --> 00:32:23,170
large<font color="

740
00:32:23,170 --> 00:32:26,680
for the first time they had hot water

741
00:32:26,680 --> 00:32:29,020
that they did not have to heat entitled

742
00:32:29,020 --> 00:32:31,690
over an open fire because running water

743
00:32:31,690 --> 00:32:33,520
was supplied by private companies it

744
00:32:33,520 --> 00:32:36,790
wasn't a public utility it only came

745
00:32:36,790 --> 00:32:39,040
into the houses<font color="

746
00:32:39,040 --> 00:32:41,560
were lucky three hours a day so houses

747
00:32:41,560 --> 00:32:42,010
like this

748
00:32:42,010 --> 00:32:44,290
have systems built and you stored the

749
00:32:44,290 --> 00:32:45,640
water and then you could have it as a

750
00:32:45,640 --> 00:32:47,620
huge convenience whenever you wanted it

751
00:32:47,620 --> 00:32:49,450
this is where they did the washing

752
00:32:49,450 --> 00:32:51,100
<font color="

753
00:32:51,100 --> 00:32:53,290
washing ups the cold water came in here

754
00:32:53,290 --> 00:32:57,280
hot water came out off the range there

755
00:32:57,280 --> 00:33:00,040
was of course at this stage no detergent

756
00:33:00,040 --> 00:33:02,500
you actually used soaps that were shaved

757
00:33:02,500 --> 00:33:04,660
<font color="

758
00:33:04,660 --> 00:33:07,450
and you can see it's not very deep it's

759
00:33:07,450 --> 00:33:09,580
also of inconveniently low I don't think

760
00:33:09,580 --> 00:33:11,560
that has been economically designed no

761
00:33:11,560 --> 00:33:13,000
but remember an awful lot of the

762
00:33:13,000 --> 00:33:15,160
servants were only<font color="

763
00:33:15,160 --> 00:33:17,800
they grew much later so possibly well

764
00:33:17,800 --> 00:33:19,750
very anomaly designed for smaller

765
00:33:19,750 --> 00:33:24,790
children idea a middle-class woman's

766
00:33:24,790 --> 00:33:27,850
duty was to manage her staff but Jane

767
00:33:27,850 --> 00:33:30,280
<font color="

768
00:33:30,280 --> 00:33:33,730
problematic in 32 years she got through

769
00:33:33,730 --> 00:33:37,210
34 made she had shall we say an

770
00:33:37,210 --> 00:33:39,460
unfortunate manner what do you think

771
00:33:39,460 --> 00:33:42,150
happened to them well a few who were

772
00:33:42,150 --> 00:33:44,800
congenitally drunk probably had problems

773
00:33:44,800 --> 00:33:49,150
but the<font color="

774
00:33:49,150 --> 00:33:50,920
think those theatres being all in the

775
00:33:50,920 --> 00:33:53,380
employers favor but there was a huge

776
00:33:53,380 --> 00:33:55,870
pool of people wanting servants I mean

777
00:33:55,870 --> 00:33:58,030
Jane has problems precisely because they

778
00:33:58,030 --> 00:34:01,990
don't need her she needs them it wasn't

779
00:34:01,990 --> 00:34:05,200
quite this sort of top-down<font color="

780
00:34:05,200 --> 00:34:07,120
we see it as it wasn't all Upstairs

781
00:34:07,120 --> 00:34:10,780
Downstairs servants were constantly

782
00:34:10,780 --> 00:34:13,570
commanded to waste not want not one of

783
00:34:13,570 --> 00:34:15,730
the maids many jobs was to do what we

784
00:34:15,730 --> 00:34:17,320
<font color="

785
00:34:17,320 --> 00:34:20,918
rubbish and recycling so Judith I've got

786
00:34:20,918 --> 00:34:24,879
here a week of modern waste and I'm

787
00:34:24,879 --> 00:34:26,949
hoping you can tell me what a frugal

788
00:34:26,949 --> 00:34:28,899
Victorian housewife would do with all

789
00:34:28,899 --> 00:34:31,060
this stuff and not just put it straight

790
00:34:31,060 --> 00:34:33,190
into landfill like so many people do

791
00:34:33,190 --> 00:34:35,290
<font color="

792
00:34:35,290 --> 00:34:38,260
looking forward to it what would Jane

793
00:34:38,260 --> 00:34:41,350
Carlyle have instructed drunken Annie to

794
00:34:41,350 --> 00:34:45,820
do with all of this Robin well jars we

795
00:34:45,820 --> 00:34:48,909
keep we take them back to the green

796
00:34:48,909 --> 00:34:52,510
grocer<font color="

797
00:34:52,510 --> 00:34:55,480
certainly available it started to

798
00:34:55,480 --> 00:34:56,409
I've at the very beginning of the

799
00:34:56,409 --> 00:34:58,240
century it was developed for soldiers so

800
00:34:58,240 --> 00:35:00,670
they could actually get food to the

801
00:35:00,670 --> 00:35:02,740
front without it all being green by the

802
00:35:02,740 --> 00:35:03,760
time it got there

803
00:35:03,760 --> 00:35:05,590
and am<font color="

804
00:35:05,590 --> 00:35:08,350
were then sold to a scrap metal merchant

805
00:35:08,350 --> 00:35:11,530
afterwards and reused absolutely right

806
00:35:11,530 --> 00:35:15,090
wait wait oh my god

807
00:35:15,090 --> 00:35:18,700
well of course most of this isn't waste

808
00:35:18,700 --> 00:35:21,880
either<font color="

809
00:35:21,880 --> 00:35:24,430
is stinky old fish heads well as soon as

810
00:35:24,430 --> 00:35:26,440
the fish was eaten that would get put

811
00:35:26,440 --> 00:35:29,470
back in the pot for soup Oh along with

812
00:35:29,470 --> 00:35:32,230
some things no what a disgraceful

813
00:35:32,230 --> 00:35:34,090
Victorian housewife you are immediately

814
00:35:34,090 --> 00:35:37,030
the meat has been cut off<font color="

815
00:35:37,030 --> 00:35:38,710
you put it in the stock pot that's soup

816
00:35:38,710 --> 00:35:41,050
that's an awful lot of very good soup

817
00:35:41,050 --> 00:35:43,240
and then when the bone is all cleaned do

818
00:35:43,240 --> 00:35:44,859
you sell it to the rag and bone now if

819
00:35:44,859 --> 00:35:47,500
you have a dog the dog gets it first

820
00:35:47,500 --> 00:35:50,470
<font color="

821
00:35:50,470 --> 00:35:53,020
then it goes to the rag and bone man and

822
00:35:53,020 --> 00:35:55,270
don't forget you're not giving it to the

823
00:35:55,270 --> 00:35:56,830
rag and bone man you're spoiling it

824
00:35:56,830 --> 00:35:58,810
<font color="

825
00:35:58,810 --> 00:36:01,450
this house what about vegetable peelings

826
00:36:01,450 --> 00:36:04,780
also again not waste stop after the

827
00:36:04,780 --> 00:36:07,300
stock the cook tended to keep a bucket

828
00:36:07,300 --> 00:36:10,450
with unusable food scraps and it was

829
00:36:10,450 --> 00:36:14,340
called wash and all of this went into

830
00:36:14,340 --> 00:36:19,240
the bucket<font color="

831
00:36:19,240 --> 00:36:22,630
too thought your food scraps this was

832
00:36:22,630 --> 00:36:24,190
not something you paid to have taken

833
00:36:24,190 --> 00:36:27,040
away and they went to feed pigs and of

834
00:36:27,040 --> 00:36:29,230
course that's where hogwash comes from

835
00:36:29,230 --> 00:36:32,109
in food pig food well finally we've got

836
00:36:32,109 --> 00:36:34,359
a very significant waste product in the

837
00:36:34,359 --> 00:36:37,390
Victorian house dust and ashes from the

838
00:36:37,390 --> 00:36:40,420
fireplace if a huge amount of this was

839
00:36:40,420 --> 00:36:42,820
produced because the carlyle burns a ton

840
00:36:42,820 --> 00:36:44,980
of coal a month this was the one thing

841
00:36:44,980 --> 00:36:47,230
for<font color="

842
00:36:47,230 --> 00:36:51,310
collection dust as this was called was

843
00:36:51,310 --> 00:36:55,180
indeed collected by dust men not been in

844
00:36:55,180 --> 00:36:58,300
it iron but again a thrifty housewife

845
00:36:58,300 --> 00:37:00,640
would not say that that was waste

846
00:37:00,640 --> 00:37:04,450
because these cinders could be rescued

847
00:37:04,450 --> 00:37:06,820
and then they're used in anyway yeah you

848
00:37:06,820 --> 00:37:09,400
read her<font color="

849
00:37:09,400 --> 00:37:12,010
through this out would deserve to be

850
00:37:12,010 --> 00:37:13,780
sacked because she is getting rid of a

851
00:37:13,780 --> 00:37:16,750
huge amount of goods which have economic

852
00:37:16,750 --> 00:37:19,140
value she is in effect stealing

853
00:37:19,140 --> 00:37:22,210
[Music]

854
00:37:22,990 --> 00:37:25,460
Victorian poor people had never

855
00:37:25,460 --> 00:37:27,680
experienced the luxury of a separate

856
00:37:27,680 --> 00:37:29,930
kitchen<font color="

857
00:37:29,930 --> 00:37:32,630
for cooking eating and leisure just like

858
00:37:32,630 --> 00:37:34,430
in the medieval peasants cottage

859
00:37:34,430 --> 00:37:36,260
however with gas lighting and the

860
00:37:36,260 --> 00:37:37,730
cast-iron range

861
00:37:37,730 --> 00:37:40,690
new technologies finally arrived here to

862
00:37:40,690 --> 00:37:43,010
domestic life through the utter and

863
00:37:43,010 --> 00:37:45,170
<font color="

864
00:37:45,170 --> 00:37:48,020
well when millions of men left for the

865
00:37:48,020 --> 00:37:50,570
battlefields of France working women

866
00:37:50,570 --> 00:37:52,670
abandoned the kitchens of country

867
00:37:52,670 --> 00:37:55,130
estates for the higher wages and

868
00:37:55,130 --> 00:37:58,340
improved conditions of wartime jobs many

869
00:37:58,340 --> 00:38:01,250
<font color="

870
00:38:01,250 --> 00:38:03,020
the war the middle and even upper

871
00:38:03,020 --> 00:38:05,210
classes suddenly found they had to spend

872
00:38:05,210 --> 00:38:10,850
to themselves in the kitchen but in the

873
00:38:10,850 --> 00:38:13,940
early 20th century a new wave of labour

874
00:38:13,940 --> 00:38:16,040
saving appliances appeared and the

875
00:38:16,040 --> 00:38:18,260
majority<font color="

876
00:38:18,260 --> 00:38:22,850
supply in their kitchens the earliest

877
00:38:22,850 --> 00:38:24,860
examples of gas cookers are now exhibits

878
00:38:24,860 --> 00:38:26,210
at the Science Museum

879
00:38:26,210 --> 00:38:28,970
they were marketed as wage less servants

880
00:38:28,970 --> 00:38:31,910
these gas cookers were invented in the

881
00:38:31,910 --> 00:38:34,070
19th<font color="

882
00:38:34,070 --> 00:38:36,410
were really taking off the other big

883
00:38:36,410 --> 00:38:37,970
breakthrough in cookers with the

884
00:38:37,970 --> 00:38:40,880
invention of the regular or thermostat

885
00:38:40,880 --> 00:38:42,500
device you can control the temperature

886
00:38:42,500 --> 00:38:44,690
<font color="

887
00:38:44,690 --> 00:38:46,250
know exactly where they were going to be

888
00:38:46,250 --> 00:38:49,010
cooked the advertising material for this

889
00:38:49,010 --> 00:38:51,290
model said that now your wife or

890
00:38:51,290 --> 00:38:53,450
daughter could prepare your dinner with

891
00:38:53,450 --> 00:38:58,580
absolute precision<font color="

892
00:38:58,580 --> 00:39:00,410
of Britain's homes had an electricity

893
00:39:00,410 --> 00:39:03,620
supply electric cookers were invented at

894
00:39:03,620 --> 00:39:06,290
the end of the 19th century immediately

895
00:39:06,290 --> 00:39:08,480
a battle began between the gas and

896
00:39:08,480 --> 00:39:10,760
electricity companies and it's been

897
00:39:10,760 --> 00:39:12,579
raging<font color="

898
00:39:12,579 --> 00:39:15,789
now gas was originally in the lead but

899
00:39:15,789 --> 00:39:17,859
it was reserved for people of a regular

900
00:39:17,859 --> 00:39:19,569
and quite a high-income build

901
00:39:19,569 --> 00:39:21,880
represented quarterly in the later 19th

902
00:39:21,880 --> 00:39:23,499
century though they begin to introduce

903
00:39:23,499 --> 00:39:25,539
the penny in the slots machine for

904
00:39:25,539 --> 00:39:27,339
poorer customers<font color="

905
00:39:27,339 --> 00:39:29,259
because of the challenge being presented

906
00:39:29,259 --> 00:39:31,809
by the new electricity companies they

907
00:39:31,809 --> 00:39:33,400
were very keen on their product this

908
00:39:33,400 --> 00:39:35,380
poster here says how great electricity

909
00:39:35,380 --> 00:39:38,259
is is safer than gas simple as in guests

910
00:39:38,259 --> 00:39:40,630
better than get in every way but

911
00:39:40,630 --> 00:39:43,209
electricity<font color="

912
00:39:43,209 --> 00:39:45,999
it cost about 10 times as much as it

913
00:39:45,999 --> 00:39:48,729
does today and until the National Grid

914
00:39:48,729 --> 00:39:51,640
was finished in 1933 the current was

915
00:39:51,640 --> 00:39:53,679
different in different towns even in

916
00:39:53,679 --> 00:39:54,880
different homes because all the

917
00:39:54,880 --> 00:39:56,799
suppliers couldn't agree so this meant

918
00:39:56,799 --> 00:39:58,689
that<font color="

919
00:39:58,689 --> 00:40:01,059
to invest in electrical cookers because

920
00:40:01,059 --> 00:40:02,890
each one has been localized and

921
00:40:02,890 --> 00:40:05,259
personalized to the exact circumstances

922
00:40:05,259 --> 00:40:07,179
of the householder these were part of

923
00:40:07,179 --> 00:40:09,039
the reasons that electricity lost the

924
00:40:09,039 --> 00:40:11,410
battle and gas became the supplier of

925
00:40:11,410 --> 00:40:14,589
<font color="

926
00:40:14,589 --> 00:40:16,660
electric fridge appeared in the early

927
00:40:16,660 --> 00:40:19,630
1920s but because electricity was much

928
00:40:19,630 --> 00:40:21,969
more expensive than gas it was a luxury

929
00:40:21,969 --> 00:40:25,059
item they fit is the next step forward

930
00:40:25,059 --> 00:40:27,130
<font color="

931
00:40:27,130 --> 00:40:29,289
refrigerator all powered by electricity

932
00:40:29,289 --> 00:40:32,979
this is a great big model from 1932 at

933
00:40:32,979 --> 00:40:34,959
the advertising poster up there tells us

934
00:40:34,959 --> 00:40:37,509
size is so important for the housewife

935
00:40:37,509 --> 00:40:40,299
who owns a refrigerator big waters like

936
00:40:40,299 --> 00:40:42,039
this cost a lot of money the equivalent

937
00:40:42,039 --> 00:40:43,839
<font color="

938
00:40:43,839 --> 00:40:46,089
common most people still have their

939
00:40:46,089 --> 00:40:48,219
fridge being a marble slab in the back

940
00:40:48,219 --> 00:40:49,959
of the Lada but if you need someone who

941
00:40:49,959 --> 00:40:51,999
owns a fridge they might invite you out

942
00:40:51,999 --> 00:40:54,339
for a special four inch party with all

943
00:40:54,339 --> 00:40:55,959
<font color="

944
00:40:55,959 --> 00:40:58,269
different shelf this is the general

945
00:40:58,269 --> 00:41:01,679
electricity refrigerator cookbook of

946
00:41:01,679 --> 00:41:05,319
1927 it's full of rich recipes and here

947
00:41:05,319 --> 00:41:07,119
on this page has a picture of people

948
00:41:07,119 --> 00:41:09,369
having a party in their evening dress

949
00:41:09,369 --> 00:41:10,900
getting their cocktails out of the

950
00:41:10,900 --> 00:41:12,609
refrigerator<font color="

951
00:41:12,609 --> 00:41:15,689
special occasion

952
00:41:16,000 --> 00:41:18,920
what's more compact modern appliances

953
00:41:18,920 --> 00:41:21,650
were available interior designers and

954
00:41:21,650 --> 00:41:24,170
furniture manufacturers could completely

955
00:41:24,170 --> 00:41:27,109
reassess how kitchen space was used this

956
00:41:27,109 --> 00:41:30,109
is the commodious cupboard it became a

957
00:41:30,109 --> 00:41:33,440
British domestic standard in Germany the

958
00:41:33,440 --> 00:41:35,450
innovative<font color="

959
00:41:35,450 --> 00:41:38,210
the late 1920s emerged as the prototype

960
00:41:38,210 --> 00:41:40,730
for all fitted kitchens but America

961
00:41:40,730 --> 00:41:42,230
would ultimately have the biggest

962
00:41:42,230 --> 00:41:44,690
influence on the British kitchen when

963
00:41:44,690 --> 00:41:48,290
rationing finally ended in 1954 Burson's

964
00:41:48,290 --> 00:41:50,329
embraced<font color="

965
00:41:50,329 --> 00:41:52,940
American wartime allies with its

966
00:41:52,940 --> 00:41:55,430
integrative functional use of space and

967
00:41:55,430 --> 00:41:58,520
its labor-saving devices it was marketed

968
00:41:58,520 --> 00:42:01,190
as the alternative model in the kitchen

969
00:42:01,190 --> 00:42:02,839
and that's where most women spend most

970
00:42:02,839 --> 00:42:04,790
of their time<font color="

971
00:42:04,790 --> 00:42:06,710
innovations like an oven at high level

972
00:42:06,710 --> 00:42:10,540
and above time to a go

973
00:42:10,640 --> 00:42:13,680
and a double purpose stool so that the

974
00:42:13,680 --> 00:42:15,720
housewife can sit down to do the ironing

975
00:42:15,720 --> 00:42:17,760
<font color="

976
00:42:17,760 --> 00:42:22,350
the high cupboard to experience the

977
00:42:22,350 --> 00:42:25,080
height of post-war kitchen gadgetry I've

978
00:42:25,080 --> 00:42:27,060
come to see the home of 1950's

979
00:42:27,060 --> 00:42:31,860
enthusiast Joanne Massey my Guinness

980
00:42:31,860 --> 00:42:36,060
Time Warp<font color="

981
00:42:36,060 --> 00:42:38,340
yes it's one of the very first designs

982
00:42:38,340 --> 00:42:39,270
you could get

983
00:42:39,270 --> 00:42:41,580
yes it's an English Rose kitchen made by

984
00:42:41,580 --> 00:42:43,050
the people who may have Spitfire yes

985
00:42:43,050 --> 00:42:44,730
apparently so<font color="

986
00:42:44,730 --> 00:42:46,680
made out of metal you know you can

987
00:42:46,680 --> 00:42:48,630
literally get the cooker to match the

988
00:42:48,630 --> 00:42:50,190
fridge to match the boiler to match

989
00:42:50,190 --> 00:42:52,740
everything is integrated as kitchens are

990
00:42:52,740 --> 00:42:54,840
now<font color="

991
00:42:54,840 --> 00:42:56,990
able to display things and have your

992
00:42:56,990 --> 00:42:59,970
example kenwood chef out here we have a

993
00:42:59,970 --> 00:43:02,760
very popular magazine of the time called

994
00:43:02,760 --> 00:43:05,100
practical householder modernize your

995
00:43:05,100 --> 00:43:08,520
kitchen that shows you basically how

996
00:43:08,520 --> 00:43:09,660
your kitchen<font color="

997
00:43:09,660 --> 00:43:12,960
during the forties yes and then you can

998
00:43:12,960 --> 00:43:15,960
turn it into this lovely modern fabulous

999
00:43:15,960 --> 00:43:17,700
kitchen and this will show you how to

1000
00:43:17,700 --> 00:43:19,800
make the cupboards and everything and

1001
00:43:19,800 --> 00:43:24,180
you could even build your own

1002
00:43:24,180 --> 00:43:28,650
<font color="

1003
00:43:28,650 --> 00:43:35,310
goodness look at it there you go

1004
00:43:35,310 --> 00:43:38,130
it's a true hostess Italy so you can pop

1005
00:43:38,130 --> 00:43:40,710
all your own dishes and step out the

1006
00:43:40,710 --> 00:43:43,170
oven and you can down serve them up and

1007
00:43:43,170 --> 00:43:45,150
<font color="

1008
00:43:45,150 --> 00:43:48,420
so best thing your dinners coming

1009
00:43:48,420 --> 00:43:50,360
darling

1010
00:43:50,360 --> 00:43:53,250
we're our Victorian kitchens relied on

1011
00:43:53,250 --> 00:43:56,040
the sweat and skill of the cook the 50s

1012
00:43:56,040 --> 00:43:58,410
technology boom aims to liberate

1013
00:43:58,410 --> 00:44:01,530
housewives and kitchen drudgery so this

1014
00:44:01,530 --> 00:44:06,750
is your ultimate 1950s<font color="

1015
00:44:06,750 --> 00:44:09,180
Kenwood mixer I saw something like this

1016
00:44:09,180 --> 00:44:11,850
in the Victorian kitchen they did have a

1017
00:44:11,850 --> 00:44:14,160
sort of mechanical mixer but the great

1018
00:44:14,160 --> 00:44:16,110
innovation is the electricity yeah it's

1019
00:44:16,110 --> 00:44:19,010
a truly labor saving device

1020
00:44:19,010 --> 00:44:21,290
the enormous ly popular kenwood chef

1021
00:44:21,290 --> 00:44:23,810
<font color="

1022
00:44:23,810 --> 00:44:26,570
better meals and even tastier can see

1023
00:44:26,570 --> 00:44:37,550
how the camera handles all that the

1024
00:44:37,550 --> 00:44:40,730
mixer was invented in 1950 by Kenneth

1025
00:44:40,730 --> 00:44:44,119
Maynard wood and ex-raf engineer and it

1026
00:44:44,119 --> 00:44:46,460
was marketed with the slogan I appeal is

1027
00:44:46,460 --> 00:44:50,210
by appeal<font color="

1028
00:44:50,210 --> 00:45:03,230
sold maybe you plan to warrior apron how

1029
00:45:03,230 --> 00:45:06,109
much masking - people make educated they

1030
00:45:06,109 --> 00:45:08,810
do you think that it's true that a 1950s

1031
00:45:08,810 --> 00:45:10,790
housewife was a happy little homemaker I

1032
00:45:10,790 --> 00:45:13,280
think is it a liberating time for them

1033
00:45:13,280 --> 00:45:15,260
because during the war they did have a

1034
00:45:15,260 --> 00:45:17,780
taste of life at the home and had to go

1035
00:45:17,780 --> 00:45:19,670
work in the factories that was the first

1036
00:45:19,670 --> 00:45:21,980
case to fool them off freedom from the

1037
00:45:21,980 --> 00:45:24,950
kitchen<font color="

1038
00:45:24,950 --> 00:45:27,320
to go back to that I think it's quite

1039
00:45:27,320 --> 00:45:30,770
ironic really that the war and the Air

1040
00:45:30,770 --> 00:45:33,490
Force sort of gave us these labor saving

1041
00:45:33,490 --> 00:45:36,080
technologies and Britain's victory

1042
00:45:36,080 --> 00:45:39,170
<font color="

1043
00:45:39,170 --> 00:45:41,420
twee little kitchen ok let's get them

1044
00:45:41,420 --> 00:45:43,990
into the oven

1045
00:45:46,180 --> 00:45:48,280
designers came up with a new

1046
00:45:48,280 --> 00:45:51,260
labor-saving layout of sink cooker and

1047
00:45:51,260 --> 00:45:54,109
fridge known as the golden triangle it

1048
00:45:54,109 --> 00:45:55,609
claimed<font color="

1049
00:45:55,609 --> 00:45:59,119
movements by 90% by the close of the

1050
00:45:59,119 --> 00:46:01,490
1950's the modern kitchen we're all

1051
00:46:01,490 --> 00:46:03,619
still so familiar with had arrived and

1052
00:46:03,619 --> 00:46:06,200
even if the reality wasn't available to

1053
00:46:06,200 --> 00:46:09,410
everyone they<font color="

1054
00:46:09,410 --> 00:46:12,460
each I than man okay let's see how

1055
00:46:12,460 --> 00:46:13,670
successful

1056
00:46:13,670 --> 00:46:19,520
mr. Kenneth wood was not bad I have

1057
00:46:19,520 --> 00:46:23,569
tasted better if I were genuine

1058
00:46:23,569 --> 00:46:25,750
<font color="

1059
00:46:25,750 --> 00:46:28,520
1959 I'd have reached the end of a

1060
00:46:28,520 --> 00:46:31,880
decade of unprecedented prosperity wages

1061
00:46:31,880 --> 00:46:34,430
nearly doubled it was six pounds a week

1062
00:46:34,430 --> 00:46:36,230
the average wage at the beginning by the

1063
00:46:36,230 --> 00:46:38,750
end of the decade it was 11 pounds a

1064
00:46:38,750 --> 00:46:40,760
week and tax had dropped<font color="

1065
00:46:40,760 --> 00:46:43,069
from nine shillings in the pound down to

1066
00:46:43,069 --> 00:46:44,750
seven shillings in a pound so there was

1067
00:46:44,750 --> 00:46:46,369
more money in people's pockets they were

1068
00:46:46,369 --> 00:46:48,319
going out and buying city kitchens as

1069
00:46:48,319 --> 00:46:50,750
the prime minister says mr. McMillan

1070
00:46:50,750 --> 00:46:56,480
<font color="

1071
00:46:56,480 --> 00:46:58,910
not everybody had it so good

1072
00:46:58,910 --> 00:47:02,660
by 1963 three million people were still

1073
00:47:02,660 --> 00:47:04,339
living in terrible housing conditions

1074
00:47:04,339 --> 00:47:06,760
when the government embarked on its

1075
00:47:06,760 --> 00:47:10,010
<font color="

1076
00:47:10,010 --> 00:47:12,190
of flats did have modern fitted kitchen

1077
00:47:12,190 --> 00:47:15,079
credit became more widely available when

1078
00:47:15,079 --> 00:47:17,720
hire-purchase laws were relaxed this

1079
00:47:17,720 --> 00:47:19,760
allowed less well-off people to invest

1080
00:47:19,760 --> 00:47:22,760
in new kitchen white goods I purchase is

1081
00:47:22,760 --> 00:47:24,559
one of the<font color="

1082
00:47:24,559 --> 00:47:27,230
community it enables us to fill our

1083
00:47:27,230 --> 00:47:29,180
homes with beautiful things we could

1084
00:47:29,180 --> 00:47:31,910
never otherwise afford it raises our

1085
00:47:31,910 --> 00:47:35,150
standard of living with new clean and

1086
00:47:35,150 --> 00:47:37,309
more spacious housing available the

1087
00:47:37,309 --> 00:47:39,530
modern kitchen had finally arrived in

1088
00:47:39,530 --> 00:47:42,410
working class homes<font color="

1089
00:47:42,410 --> 00:47:44,690
middle classes were plying and doing up

1090
00:47:44,690 --> 00:47:47,420
dilapidated 19th century houses the

1091
00:47:47,420 --> 00:47:49,280
squares particularly took the middle

1092
00:47:49,280 --> 00:47:50,329
dodge fancy

1093
00:47:50,329 --> 00:47:52,069
that agafia necklace is one of the

1094
00:47:52,069 --> 00:47:54,079
newcomers<font color="

1095
00:47:54,079 --> 00:47:55,989
spent about these houses they're so

1096
00:47:55,989 --> 00:47:57,709
beautiful when you get down to the

1097
00:47:57,709 --> 00:47:59,959
basics and you get down to the basic

1098
00:47:59,959 --> 00:48:01,880
material and you'll see the Georgian

1099
00:48:01,880 --> 00:48:03,890
details<font color="

1100
00:48:03,890 --> 00:48:05,390
moldings I don't know when we've got a

1101
00:48:05,390 --> 00:48:09,339
gotta brag about uncovering everything

1102
00:48:09,339 --> 00:48:12,140
all over the country in the nineteen

1103
00:48:12,140 --> 00:48:14,179
sixties young couples were ripping up

1104
00:48:14,179 --> 00:48:16,279
their Victorian kitchen basements

1105
00:48:16,279 --> 00:48:18,410
they're taking out ranges knocking down

1106
00:48:18,410 --> 00:48:20,239
walls and creating open-plan kitchen

1107
00:48:20,239 --> 00:48:23,179
diners they were reclaiming this part of

1108
00:48:23,179 --> 00:48:25,189
the house as a social space a place for

1109
00:48:25,189 --> 00:48:26,989
family not for service they were

1110
00:48:26,989 --> 00:48:29,179
pioneers in the 1960s but they were

1111
00:48:29,179 --> 00:48:30,799
creating a way of using houses which

1112
00:48:30,799 --> 00:48:33,890
many many people aspire to today having

1113
00:48:33,890 --> 00:48:36,019
spent all their money creating open-plan

1114
00:48:36,019 --> 00:48:38,479
kitchens hunting for cheap antique

1115
00:48:38,479 --> 00:48:40,999
Victoriana became chic among young

1116
00:48:40,999 --> 00:48:45,529
middle class people Terence Conran led

1117
00:48:45,529 --> 00:48:47,479
this new style in home day course

1118
00:48:47,479 --> 00:48:49,640
<font color="

1119
00:48:49,640 --> 00:48:51,920
introduced Victorian style reproduction

1120
00:48:51,920 --> 00:48:54,499
crockery and cheap pine tables to the

1121
00:48:54,499 --> 00:48:56,839
countries through habitat I've always

1122
00:48:56,839 --> 00:49:00,039
been fascinated by the below the stairs

1123
00:49:00,039 --> 00:49:02,630
objects of the Victorian era which were

1124
00:49:02,630 --> 00:49:07,640
made a very useful simple objects the

1125
00:49:07,640 --> 00:49:10,009
design of them probably<font color="

1126
00:49:10,009 --> 00:49:11,779
considered as such they just had to do

1127
00:49:11,779 --> 00:49:15,019
their job and I found these objects very

1128
00:49:15,019 --> 00:49:16,880
satisfying and very beautiful and they

1129
00:49:16,880 --> 00:49:20,199
have certainly influenced my taste

1130
00:49:20,199 --> 00:49:23,239
Patricia Whittington<font color="

1131
00:49:23,239 --> 00:49:25,519
avid fan of habitat that she ended up

1132
00:49:25,519 --> 00:49:27,979
working there in the early 1970s

1133
00:49:27,979 --> 00:49:31,099
I loved shopping in here I never had the

1134
00:49:31,099 --> 00:49:33,410
money but I loved looking round or

1135
00:49:33,410 --> 00:49:35,869
getting ideas the yeren habitat prepping

1136
00:49:35,869 --> 00:49:37,429
your nose up to the window<font color="

1137
00:49:37,429 --> 00:49:39,259
this is great even before he works there

1138
00:49:39,259 --> 00:49:41,809
are you alertly I was I was some

1139
00:49:41,809 --> 00:49:45,349
obsessed I think it was just my new work

1140
00:49:45,349 --> 00:49:46,819
well I think all my friends were turns

1141
00:49:46,819 --> 00:49:48,769
everybody was this is how we want to

1142
00:49:48,769 --> 00:49:51,589
<font color="

1143
00:49:51,589 --> 00:49:54,319
young babies you know bit of money in

1144
00:49:54,319 --> 00:49:56,900
our pockets wasn't credit then of course

1145
00:49:56,900 --> 00:49:59,089
so we had cash there was an awful lot of

1146
00:49:59,089 --> 00:50:00,630
entertaining at home

1147
00:50:00,630 --> 00:50:03,720
and because of<font color="

1148
00:50:03,720 --> 00:50:05,910
I had a kitchen with a shelf unit

1149
00:50:05,910 --> 00:50:07,080
obviously up the middle with all my

1150
00:50:07,080 --> 00:50:08,550
beautiful things on our dining on the

1151
00:50:08,550 --> 00:50:10,410
other end so people could actually see

1152
00:50:10,410 --> 00:50:12,870
you cooking and we'd sit and have five

1153
00:50:12,870 --> 00:50:15,210
course meals and foreign meals<font color="

1154
00:50:15,210 --> 00:50:17,790
bolognaise and all sorts of interesting

1155
00:50:17,790 --> 00:50:18,890
things

1156
00:50:18,890 --> 00:50:22,260
as a funny story lady came in and she

1157
00:50:22,260 --> 00:50:23,910
bought the spaghetti jar she brought it

1158
00:50:23,910 --> 00:50:26,820
back and it was in pieces in the bag so

1159
00:50:26,820 --> 00:50:28,020
we called the manager because any

1160
00:50:28,020 --> 00:50:30,480
complaints we had to<font color="

1161
00:50:30,480 --> 00:50:32,700
well what's the problem so she said well

1162
00:50:32,700 --> 00:50:35,280
when I put it on the cooker it broke so

1163
00:50:35,280 --> 00:50:37,380
scible why did you put it on the cooker

1164
00:50:37,380 --> 00:50:40,670
so she wouldn't sit in the oven

1165
00:50:40,670 --> 00:50:42,350
[Music]

1166
00:50:42,350 --> 00:50:45,360
open-plan kitchens went<font color="

1167
00:50:45,360 --> 00:50:48,450
the 1980s help spite the extractor fan

1168
00:50:48,450 --> 00:50:51,390
the kitchen became the place to eat and

1169
00:50:51,390 --> 00:50:54,330
socialize how about this for design

1170
00:50:54,330 --> 00:50:56,490
technology in the future if you want a

1171
00:50:56,490 --> 00:50:58,920
new kitchen designing you simply take in

1172
00:50:58,920 --> 00:51:00,720
the measurements<font color="

1173
00:51:00,720 --> 00:51:02,250
here in front of your very eyes they can

1174
00:51:02,250 --> 00:51:05,790
design it on a computer the foodie

1175
00:51:05,790 --> 00:51:08,130
revolution followed foodies were

1176
00:51:08,130 --> 00:51:10,260
intensely interested in the quality of

1177
00:51:10,260 --> 00:51:12,030
<font color="

1178
00:51:12,030 --> 00:51:14,490
performance the kitchen has now become

1179
00:51:14,490 --> 00:51:16,260
somewhere to entertain guests and

1180
00:51:16,260 --> 00:51:20,670
demonstrate your culinary skills by the

1181
00:51:20,670 --> 00:51:23,760
early 1990s over a billion pounds was

1182
00:51:23,760 --> 00:51:26,190
being spent on kitchens in the UK every

1183
00:51:26,190 --> 00:51:28,410
year it's now the room we spend the most

1184
00:51:28,410 --> 00:51:30,810
money on in the home the expensive

1185
00:51:30,810 --> 00:51:32,940
fitted kitchen is a status symbol

1186
00:51:32,940 --> 00:51:35,340
packed with gadgetry it's really

1187
00:51:35,340 --> 00:51:37,680
something to show off about this is

1188
00:51:37,680 --> 00:51:40,890
about total control wealth power and

1189
00:51:40,890 --> 00:51:44,090
<font color="

1190
00:51:44,090 --> 00:51:46,920
technology in your car why not reapply

1191
00:51:46,920 --> 00:51:50,730
it to your kitchen in ones of

1192
00:51:50,730 --> 00:51:53,940
technological space you can have a sort

1193
00:51:53,940 --> 00:51:58,260
of ardor bound country kitchen with sort

1194
00:51:58,260 --> 00:52:01,590
of accessory dog<font color="

1195
00:52:01,590 --> 00:52:03,120
can have this rather more obvious

1196
00:52:03,120 --> 00:52:06,720
expression of shiny imperviousness where

1197
00:52:06,720 --> 00:52:09,930
this is the dream of modernity as seen

1198
00:52:09,930 --> 00:52:11,850
from the 1970s almost you have you

1199
00:52:11,850 --> 00:52:12,920
projected

1200
00:52:12,920 --> 00:52:15,440
if you've done tomorrow's world in the

1201
00:52:15,440 --> 00:52:16,999
1970s what<font color="

1202
00:52:16,999 --> 00:52:21,109
whether it be quite like this in the

1203
00:52:21,109 --> 00:52:23,269
story of the kitchen technology

1204
00:52:23,269 --> 00:52:25,369
eventually triumphs over back-breaking

1205
00:52:25,369 --> 00:52:30,019
labor oh wow was it was the only room in

1206
00:52:30,019 --> 00:52:31,940
the house then it was announced building

1207
00:52:31,940 --> 00:52:34,130
<font color="

1208
00:52:34,130 --> 00:52:38,210
aspire to it was amazing discoveries and

1209
00:52:38,210 --> 00:52:40,400
inventions like electricity the

1210
00:52:40,400 --> 00:52:42,890
thermostat the gas cooker which allowed

1211
00:52:42,890 --> 00:52:44,509
the kitchen to become the focus of

1212
00:52:44,509 --> 00:52:47,390
family life once again so after seven

1213
00:52:47,390 --> 00:52:49,069
<font color="

1214
00:52:49,069 --> 00:52:50,960
back-breaking labor and the smell the

1215
00:52:50,960 --> 00:52:52,970
kitchen has retaken its rightful place

1216
00:52:52,970 --> 00:52:54,860
at the heart of the home

1217
00:52:54,860 --> 00:00:00,000
[Music]